Anyaman: Weaving Plants

Indonesian anyaman is a longstanding traditional art form that dates back centuries and involves weaving together natural plant fibers to create both functional and decorative items, including baskets, mats, furniture, and containers. This craft is deeply intertwined with indigenous cultures, specifically the traditions of the Malay and Kalimantan communities. The intricate hand-woven techniques utilized in anyaman often feature motifs that reflect regional identity and elements of the natural world, demonstrating the cultural heritage and diversity of Indonesia. 


The process of basketwork is characterized by the crossing of various plant materials to form a sturdy and usable clump, with a wide variety of natural resources being utilized in this practice, such as skewers, rattan, bamboo, roots, pandan, mengkuang, and jute. These materials are generally chosen for their ease of drying and softness, which make them suitable for weaving. The motifs incorporated into basketwork are representative of Indonesia's rich traditional tapestry, as they evolve from the bamboo weaving art into distinct handicraft items. Each bamboo weave generates unique patterns, with the final motifs influenced by the specific shape and style of the bamboo weaving undertaken. This showcases not just the utility of the craft but also its artistic expression, highlighting the importance of anyaman as a key component of Indonesia's cultural legacy. 

Common products crafted through this technique and craft include mats (tikar) made from pandan leaves, baskets (bakul/besek) for storage or transport, rattan furniture like chairs and tables, home decor items such as lampshades and wall hangings, and fashion accessories like bags, notably the jawet from Kalimantan. Regional variations in Indonesia highlight distinct styles; for instance, Kalimantan is recognized for its intricate rattan craftsmanship, while Bali is celebrated for its meticulous pandan weaving. 

Anyaman is not just a craft but a cultural practice passed down through generations, often requiring high skill. In places like Bali, it is utilized for objects connected to religious events and is profoundly ingrained in daily life. Anyaman is becoming a crucial source of income, particularly for rural women. By connecting Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) women's traditional lontar leaf weaving with international markets, social companies such as Du Anyam contribute to their empowerment. Additionally, anyaman is being used in eco-friendly architecture and trendy interior design. Despite its long history, the craft still confronts difficulties, such as a lack of raw materials and a decline in the number of younger people pursuing it, which has led to efforts to modernize and protect the art form. 





References 


ANYAMAN. Indonesian Craft - Anyaman. (n.d.). https://g20.ext.dp.xl.co.id/craft/anyaman 

Indonesia Travel. (2025, November 19). Anyaman: Kerajinan Tangan Kalimantan Tengah. The Official Website of Indonesia Tourism - Indonesia Travel. https://www.indonesia.travel/us/en/travel-ideas/culture/tas-anyaman/#:~:text=Anyaman%20adalah%20seni%20kerajinan%20tangan,masyarakat%20dengan%20alam%20sekitar%20mereka.

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